This is one of the biggest advantages of non-linear editing compared to linear editing. In non-linear editing, the original source files are not lost or modified during editing. Lossy compression algorithms (codecs) such as Apple ProRes, Advanced Video Coding and mp3 are very widely used as they allow for dramatic reductions on file size while often being indistinguishable from the uncompressed or losslessly compressed original.Ĭompared to the linear method of tape-to-tape editing, non-linear editing offers the flexibility of film editing, with random access and easy project organization. Generation loss can still occur in digital video or audio when using lossy video or audio compression algorithms as these introduce artifacts into the source material with each encoding or reencoding. Generation loss is also controlled, due to not having to repeatedly re-encode the data when different effects are applied. It also makes it easy to change cuts and undo previous decisions simply by editing the EDL (without having to have the actual film data duplicated). Many generations and variations of the EDL can exist without storing many different copies, allowing for very flexible editing.
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The EDL is then read into an edit controller and used to create a replica of the offline edit by playing portions of the source tapes back at full quality and recording them to a master as per the exact edit points of the EDL.Įditing software records the editor's decisions in an EDL that is exportable to other editing tools. The end product of the offline non-linear editing process is a frame-accurate edit decision list (EDL) which can be taken, together with the source tapes, to an online quality tape or film editing suite. Once imported, the source material can be edited on a computer using any of a wide range of video editing software. The data are then imported into servers employing any necessary transcoding, digitizing or transfer).
In broadcasting applications, video and audio data are first captured to hard disk-based systems or other digital storage devices. It can also be viewed as the audio/video equivalent of word processing, which is why it is called desktop video editing in the consumer space. However, with the use of non-linear editing systems, the destructive act of cutting of film negatives is eliminated. The non-linear editing method is similar in concept to the cut and paste techniques used in IT. An editor can, for example at the end of the day in the Olympic Games, easily retrieve all the clips related to the players who received a gold medal. It is then possible to access any frame by entering directly the timecode or the descriptive metadata. Those metadata can be attached automatically ( timecode, localization, take number, name of the clip) or manually (players names, characters, in sports).
When ingesting audio or video feeds, metadata are attached to the clip. While linear editing is tied to the need to sequentially view film or hear tape, non-linear editing enables direct access to any video frame in a digital video clip, without having to play or scrub/shuttle through adjacent footage to reach it, as is necessary with video tape linear editing systems. The name is in contrast to 20th century methods of linear video editing and film editing.Ī non-linear editing approach may be used when all assets are available as files on video servers, or on local solid-state drives or hard disks, rather than recordings on reels or tapes. These perform non-destructive editing on source material. Although this process is more computationally intensive than directly modifying the original content, changing the edits themselves can be almost instantaneous, and it prevents further generation loss as the audio, video, or image is edited.Ī non-linear editing system ( NLE) is a video editing (NLVE) program or application, or an audio editing (NLAE) digital audio workstation (DAW) system. Each time the edited audio, video, or image is rendered, played back, or accessed, it is reconstructed from the original source and the specified editing steps. A pointer-based playlist, effectively an edit decision list (EDL), for video and audio, or a directed acyclic graph for still images, is used to keep track of edits. In non-linear editing, edits are specified and modified by specialized software. In offline editing, the original content is not modified in the course of editing. Non-linear editing is a form of offline editing for audio, video, and image editing.
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